Her service life was limited on the whole for she was never pressed into combat and decommissioned as soon as July 17th, 1905.
Additionally, her activities allowed for the submarine to be closely studied and her data collected to be used in future US submarine classes. Once in service, the Holland was primarily utilized as a training platform for future American submariners and proved hugely popular with the American press riding national fervor for their new development. There were few (if any) safety measures in place concerning undersea travel at the time. Overall performance was never more than adequate for the age and its infant technology presented as much a danger to her crew due to asphyxiation or explosion that any one enemy warship might. The cannon was later removed.ĭespite the seemingly impressive showing, the Holland showcased internal conditions that were heavily cramped for the crew of six with plenty of exposed inner workings apparent. While armed, her fitting was nominal and consisted of a single 457mm (18") torpedo tube and 1 x Zalinski pneumatic cannon ("dynamite gun") for close-range surface contacts and self-defense. Dimensions included a running length of 53 feet with a beam of 10 feet and draught of 11.5 feet. The Holland displaced on the surface at 63 tons and 74 tons when submerged.
Maximum speed when submerged was 5 knots versus 8 knots when surfaced.© As built, she could manage a dive depth of 75 feet and ranged out to 40 nautical miles when steaming at 3 knots. The propulsion arrangement was for driving the single screw at the stern. electric motor with 66-cell Exide battery. For submerged operation, the Holland relied on a 75 horsepower E.D. The Holland's machinery included a 45 horsepower Otto-brand gasoline-fueled engine which was used for surface travel. Beyond that, there were also no dive planes fitted along the craft sides. There was no tower per se, only a low-profile access hatch along an elevated section of the upper hull. The propeller sat at the stern with the rudder assembly just aft. The hull was of a tear-drop shape with a bulbous bow and tapered stern. The Holland was of a prototypical shape, remarkably mimicking the design lines still encountered today to an extent. Shortly after her commissioning (the first commissioned US Navy submarine in its history and the third "officially" operated in service), the United States Navy adopted the more formal designation of "SS-1" and the "Holland IV" name was simplified to "Holland" - to become the USS Holland (SS-1). She was added to the US Navy inventory on October 12th, 1900. The Holland VI saw her keel laid down in November 1896 and was launched on May 17th, 1897. She was formally launched in May of 1897 before officially entering service with the USN some three years later. Otherwise, the American submarine program would have languished until perhaps pushed by war. Mr Holland held the advantage of maintaining powerful Irish-American friends at the government level which helped to ensure his vessel would see the light of day. The design of the Holland was put down as early as 1888 headed by Irish engineer John Phillip Holland and, after much redesign, convincing and use of his own fortune to push the vessel along, the Holland was finally accepted into service as the first submarine of the United States Navy. The Holland was born out of a competition presented by the branch for a new, capable underwater vessel with an adequate submerged range and the capability to fire a torpedo. The vessel proved the first step towards a modernization of the "new-look" American Navy.
Born as the Holland VI / USS Holland (SS-1), this early compact attack submarine was essentially the formal birth of the United States Navy's submarine program heading into the 20th Century.
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